climate

2017 was a hot year globally, ranking among the warmest years on record despite not being driven by an El Niño. Multiple lines of evidence show that above-average temperatures...

The highest temperature ever reliably measured in Antarctica is 18.3 degrees Celsius, recorded at the Esperanza research station on 6 February 2020. This reading is officially r...

This evergreen explainer defines what is meant by the phrase hottest March, how scientists identify and verify exceptionally warm Marches, and why these events matter for weathe...

The polar vortex is a large area of low pressure and cold air surrounding both of Earth’s poles, strongest in winter. At mid-latitudes, it typically appears as a band of swift...

Greta Thunberg is a Swedish climate activist who, beginning in 2018, drew global attention to the urgency of reducing carbon emissions through solo protests outside her countryâ...

Carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere today is higher than at any time in modern human history. In 2024, the globally averaged monthly mean concentration at Mauna Loa exceeded...

Greenland’s ice sheet is the second largest body of ice on land after Antarctica, holding enough frozen water to raise global sea level by about 7 meters if it all melted. Eac...

Greta Thunburg is a Swedish climate activist born in 2003 who gained international attention for school strikes that sparked a global youth climate movement. This profile explai...

When people ask, what does 3 degrees mean, they are usually referring to a global temperature increase of about 3 degrees Celsius above pre‑industrial levels. This shorthand d...