The Smith & Wesson Model 59 9mm represents a milestone in American handgun development, blending classic service pistol engineering with modern 9mm demands. Enthusiasts often seek this model for its historical relevance, robust metal construction, and shootable accuracy.
This overview outlines key characteristics, practical performance, and ownership considerations for the Smith & Wesson Model 59 9mm platform.
| Model | Caliber | Magazine Capacity | Frame Material | Barrel Length |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smith & Wesson Model 59 | 9mm Luger | 14+1 (standard) | Aluminum alloy | 5.5 inches |
| S&W 5906 | 9mm Luger | 15 | Stainless steel | 5.5 inches |
| S&W 5904 | .40 S&W | 12 | Stainless steel | 5.5 inches |
| S&W 5906 | 9mm Luger | 15 | Stainless steel | 5.5 inches |
| S&W Model 5908 | { "9mm Luger | }17 | Polymer frame | 5.5 inches |
Design Heritage and Historical Context
Evolution from the Model 39
The Model 59 expands on the original Model 39, adapting the proven Browning-style locked breech to the higher capacity demands of 9mm. Released in the 1970s, it reflected law enforcement interest in higher magazine capacity without sacrificing reliability.
Operational Characteristics
With a single-action trigger out of the box and a column-loaded magazine, the Model 59 offers crisp reset and consistent shot placement. Ambidextrous controls are limited, so many shooters customize grips or add accessories for comfort.
Construction Materials and Durability
Aluminum Frame vs. Steel Variants
Early Model 59 frames are aluminum to reduce weight, while later derivatives like the 5906 use stainless steel for increased strength and corrosion resistance. Each choice affects handling, maintenance, and long-term value.
Slide and Barrel Engineering
Forged steel slides and button-rifled barrels contribute to durability and accuracy. Proper break-in and consistent use of quality ammunition help maintain headspacing integrity and extend service life.
Performance and Practical Use
Accuracy and Trigger Work
Many shooters report sub-MOA potential from a bench with premium sights and controlled pairs. Trigger preparation, such as plug polishing and sear work, can refine the crisp single-action pull into a competition-grade feel.
Magazine Reliability and Feeding
Factory magazines perform well with standard pressure 9mm, but reloaders should verify overall length and taper to ensure reliable feeding. Carry magazine springs and followers periodically to mitigate wear-related malfunctions.
Maintenance, Care, and Longevity
Cleaning Procedures Specific to the Platform
Frequent disassembly for thorough cleaning prevents powder residue buildup in the slide rails and recoil spring guide. Use appropriate solvents, lubricate sparingly, and regularly inspect for cracks in aluminum frames.
Storage Considerations and Corrosion Prevention
Moisture control with desiccant packs and regular oiling is essential, especially for stainless variants in humid climates. For collectible examples, consider padded containers to preserve finishes and reduce metal-on-metal wear.
Market Value, Collectibility, and Aftermarket Support
Pricing Trends and Condition Grading
High-grade original models retain value, while well-maintained 5906 stainless examples command premiums among duty gun collectors. Verified history and matching serial numbers can enhance desirability.
Available Accessories and Customization Paths
Aftermarket support includes recoil spring kits, extended magazine releases, and dovetail sights. Careful fitting is necessary to preserve the classic lines while improving speed and accuracy for defensive carry or competition.
FAQ
Reader questions
Is the Smith & Wesson Model 59 suitable for defensive carry?
Many owners carry the Model 59 or its steel-framed descendants daily, pairing defensive hollow points with quality optics and retention holsters. Training and consistent practice are essential for reliable deployment under stress.
What are common reliability concerns with the Model 59 platform?
Weak firing pin springs and worn recoil spring assemblies can cause light strikes, especially with lower-powered target ammo. Using manufacturer-spec ammunition and maintaining spring tension helps avoid failures to fire.
How does the 5906 differ from the original Model 59?
The 5906 introduces stainless steel construction, a decocking lever, and an ambidextrous magazine release, addressing corrosion issues and control preferences while retaining the proven 9mm single-action layout.
Can I use modern high-pressure 9mm +P in older aluminum-frame models?
Consult factory specifications and consider frame age and condition before loading +P; some early aluminum models may require or benefit from professional evaluation to ensure safe pressure handling and longevity.