Cluster headache and migraine are both severe primary headache disorders that disrupt daily life, yet they follow different patterns and respond to different treatments. Understanding the core distinctions in pain location, attack timing, and associated symptoms can guide faster, more effective care.
This overview uses a detailed comparison table and focused sections to clarify the differences, treatment approaches, and practical coping strategies for each condition.
| Feature | Cluster Headache | Migraine | Key Takeaway |
|---|---|---|---|
| Typical Pain Location | Strictly one side, around or behind the eye, temple, or forehead | Often one side, throbbing, frontotemporal or orbital | Side-locked pain is classic in cluster, less specific in migraine |
| Attack Duration | 15 minutes to 3 hours, often 45–90 minutes | 4 to 72 hours if untreated | Cluster attacks are shorter and highly timed |
| Frequency in Cluster Period | Every other day up to 8 times per day | Varies from rare to several per week | Cluster shows striking regularity during bouts |
| Autonomic Symptoms | Prominent: lacrimation, nasal congestion, ptosis, miosis | Possible nausea, vomiting, light and sound sensitivity | Autonomic signs strongly favor cluster diagnosis |
| Triggers | Alcohol, strong smells, histamine, nitroglycerin | Stress, sleep changes, certain foods, hormones | Identifying triggers reduces attack likelihood |